新冠肺炎灾难恐重演 专家忧:这关键危机被忽视
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最新研究显示,洪水、热浪、乾旱等在气候变迁下加剧的天然灾害,正导致超过半数的已知人类传染病进一步恶化。图为示意图。(shutterstock)
“美联社”(AP)、《卫报》(The
Guardian)等报导,近年全球被新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情严重影响,但最新研究显示,洪水、热浪、乾旱等在气候变迁下加剧的天然灾害,正导致超过半数的已知人类传染病进一步恶化,包括新冠肺炎、疟疾、登革热、霍乱等;而公共卫生专家担忧,人们并没有更加认真看待气候变迁问题。
根据报导,一篇8日被刊登在《自然气候变迁》(Nature Climate
Change)期刊上的新研究指出,在与气候变迁有关的洪水、热浪、乾旱、野火、暴雨等10种极端天然灾害加剧之下,由病原体引发的375种已知人类传染病中,有218种出现恶化,比例高达58%。
这是因为许多疾病传播媒介在天然灾害中将更容易与人类接触,如倾盆大雨和洪水所创造的环境,会让蚊子等生物大量滋生;乾旱等灾害导致部分野生动物失去原有栖息地,只能迁徙至更靠近人类居住的区域,导致各种人畜共通传染病加剧;且在严重天然灾害中流离失所的民众,由于难以维持原有的健康与卫生条件,自身抵抗病原体的能力也将遭到削弱。
领导该研究的夏威夷大学(University of Hawaii)气候资料分析师莫拉(Camilo
Mora)表示,这些问题并非假设,而是“已经发生的事情”,如他自己的家就在5年前首次遭洪水直接侵袭,并于稍后因蚊虫叮咬感染屈公病,导致多年后仍受关节慢性疼痛之苦。
莫拉指出,令人震惊的是,人们并没有因此更认真看待气候变迁问题,并称就疾病而言,“我们正在打开潘朵拉的盒子”。
文章来源:Study connects climate hazards to 58% of infectious
diseases
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